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An analysis of CERES data from 2001 to 2019 suggests that the biggest factor in global warming since 2001 is a reduction in sulphur dioxide (SO2) pollution and not an increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere.
Researchers from the University of Exeter have found that a reduction in atmospheric SO2 has caused clouds to become darker, resulting in less solar radiation being reflected into space, leading to global warming.
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At the Exeter Climate Conference earlier this month, University of Exeter researchers Professor Peter Cox and Margaux Marchant presented their initial findings of their analysis of CERES data, the New Scientist reported last week.
Peter Cox is Professor of Climate System Dynamics in Mathematics and the Director of the Global Systems Institute at the University of Exeter. He is a lead author on the 4th, 5th and 6th Assessment Reports of the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (“IPCC”) and a member of the UK Government’s Defra Scientific Advisory Council.
Since 2001, satellite instruments known as CERES have been measuring the amount of sunlight that is reflected into space compared to the amount that is absorbed by the Earth. These measurements indicate a decline in the planet’s albedo, the Earth’s ability to reflect solar radiation. As a result, the Earth is becoming darker, leading to additional warming.
There could be several reasons for the decrease in the Earth’s albedo, including reductions in snow, sea ice and cloud cover. However, Cox and Marchant’s analysis of the CERES data from 2001 to 2019 indicates that the most significant factor is that clouds are becoming darker.
“It is known that sulphate pollution from industry and ships can increase the density of droplets in clouds, making them brighter or more reflective. This is the basis of one proposed form of geoengineering, known as marine cloud brightening,” New Scientist said.
Adding, “But these emissions have been successfully reduced in recent years, partly by moving away from high-sulphur fuels such as coal. So, Marchant and Cox looked at whether the decline in cloud brightness corresponded with areas with falling levels of SO2 pollution, and found that it did.”
“Two-thirds of the global warming since 2001 is SO2 reduction rather than CO2 increases,” Prof. Cox said.
Laura Wilcox at the University of Reading in the UK, who wasn’t involved in the study, was encouraged by Cox and Marchant’s findings but said there were limitations on the datasets used, such as the data on SO2 pollution being updated since the analysis was conducted.
Wilcox also noted two recent studies[1] that suggested the darkening is mainly due to a reduction in cloud cover, rather than darker clouds. “The drivers of the recent darkening trends are a hotly debated topic at the moment,” she said.
However, she said that her own research supports the conclusion that the recent acceleration in global warming has primarily been driven by the decrease in air pollution, and this effect is likely to be temporary.
Related: Dramatic cuts in China’s air pollution drove surge in global warming, New Scientist, 31 March 2025
References:
- [1] Oceanic cloud trends during the satellite era and their radiative signatures, Springer Nature Link, 18 August 2024
- [1] Observational Assessment of Changes in Earth’s Energy Imbalance Since 2000, Springer Nature Link, 7 May 2024
Featured image taken from ‘Albedo Values’, My NASA Data
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Categories: UK News, World News
What global warming?
Any increase in ‘global temperature’ (which is impossible to know in any case, given the complexity of weather, climate systems and sun activity) is down to low-quality, badly situated weather stations.
Agreed. There is no warming.
Hi Bee, do you believe there was an Ice Age when woolly mammoths roamed the Earth (or the northern parts of it anyway)? If so, then you believe in global warming (and global cooling). The Earth’s climate does change, it has always changed, since the beginning of time.
Perhaps what you mean is you don’t believe the climate cultists’ version of global warming or climate change (or whatever term they use next to implement their agenda); you don’t believe there is a climate change crisis. Instead, perhaps you believe climate change (and global warming or global cooling) is part of the natural order.
As can be seen from the explosion of life since the Ice Age (so they say), global warming is beneficial to life – humans, animals and plants thrive in warmer temperatures, and warmer temperatures also mean more atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), nature’s fertiliser. Consider the biodiversity in Antarctica compared to Africa – it is no coincidence, it is because the tropics has a climate in which life thrives.
My view about global warming is that I hope it is happening. Bring it on, I say. Although temperature increases of 1.5 degrees Celsius over 200 years (which is the arbitrary temperature limit set by the Paris Agreement and the figure climate cultists want people to live in fear of) is not going to make any discernible difference to anyone or anything.
https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/QsiriAuHhjE
Who trusts the so called scientific facts… we have been lied to all our lives, programmed to be silent dumbed down believers in narratives now led by the talking heads on idiot box black screens. Funny how there are always two sides like a good and a bad cop, with no remedy to issues which are nothing but distractions to insure the people do not focus on what is going on under the veil of emerging (hidden) science… for instance the bio digital convergence, and the virus of radiation toxicity running rampant in people today, with the militarized industrial medical complex playing dumb to the dis-ease symptoms of micro wave electrical energies… all this whist anyone who can read will innerstand that Havana Syndrome and electrical micro wave radiation toxicity is scientifically recognized, yet a doctor knows nothing about it!!! Nobody speaking to the forced movement of people from the middle east to free up the land for the coming reset either, Trump even reckons that the Gaza Strip will make a beautiful luxurious resort… similar to Lahaina one could suppose. I note Expose News isn’t focusing on the emerging science either, or the takeover of the biometrics of the human via Al medicine and control using the Internet of Things (IoT) for bio digital convergence. Is there a reason for the lack of reporting and dialog on the emerging technology that has ramifications of trans-humanism to post humanism?
There will be no news by any independent media once the cognitive cities and the whole grid is completed, one station one Al one world order, so how about it give us the news, the news we don’t hear on gate keeper platforms anywhere.
Yes, it is always most interesting to note what even the alleged alt media won’t touch
Removing SO2 decreases albido the same as melting ice decreases albido. Can only decrease albido by decreasing air pollution so much. Get a corresponding increase in global warming. Air pollution was suppressing global warming due to rising CO2. No contradiction there. Once air pollution is gone masking the effect of rising CO2 is gone.
The first and 2nd laws of thermodynamics were developed in response to the fact that the atmosphere acts as a greenhouse. The search for the atmospheric temperature modulating gases was followed. The American woman, Eunice Foote, discovered in 1856 that CO2 and water vapor were the principle greenhouse gases. She even warned that burning fossil fuels would warm the atmosphere and lead to crop failures and mass death by starvation.
There is NO human-caused change in the climate. Period.
Physics shows us that GHG cannot cause extreme weather, dangerous warming, or indeed any other harm https://co2coalition.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/Lindzen-Happer-GHGs-and-Fossil-Fuels-Climate-Physics-2025-06-07.pdf
How comes solar radiation engineering is not mentioned in this article?